{"id":447,"date":"2021-08-27T12:35:56","date_gmt":"2021-08-27T12:35:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dummy.xtemos.com\/woodmart2\/elementor\/?p=447"},"modified":"2025-08-21T12:41:57","modified_gmt":"2025-08-21T12:41:57","slug":"collar-brings-back-coffee-brewing-ritual","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/varisliticaret.com\/index.php\/2021\/08\/27\/collar-brings-back-coffee-brewing-ritual\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye’de Ayakkab\u0131 \u00dcretiminin Tarih\u00e7esi"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Ayakkab\u0131 \u00dcretiminin Tarih\u00e7esi<\/h2>

\ud83d\udccc 1. Osmanl\u0131 \u00d6ncesi ve Sel\u00e7uklu D\u00f6nemi<\/strong><\/h3>

  • Ayakkab\u0131 yap\u0131m\u0131 Anadolu\u2019da binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k bir zanaatt\u0131r.<\/p><\/li>

  • Sel\u00e7uklu d\u00f6neminde \u201c\u00e7ar\u0131k\u201d ve \u201cmest\u201d yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p><\/li>

  • \u00c7ar\u0131k: Hayvan derisinden, diki\u015fsiz veya az diki\u015fli, dayan\u0131kl\u0131 bir ayakkab\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p><\/li>

  • Ayakkab\u0131lar daha \u00e7ok yerel ustalar (kundurac\u0131lar)<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan elde \u00fcretiliyordu.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>

    \ud83d\udccc 2. Osmanl\u0131 D\u00f6nemi (1299 \u2013 1923)<\/strong><\/h3>

    • Osmanl\u0131\u2019da ayakkab\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k lonca sistemi<\/strong> i\u00e7inde \u00f6nemli bir zanaat haline geldi.<\/p><\/li>

    • \u201cKundura\u201d kelimesi Osmanl\u0131\u2019da deri ayakkab\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p><\/li>

    • \u0130stanbul\u2019da Sara\u00e7hane<\/strong> b\u00f6lgesi ayakkab\u0131 ve deri i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011finin merkeziydi.<\/p><\/li>

    • Ayakkab\u0131lar toplumsal stat\u00fcye g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015firdi:<\/p>

      • K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 mestler<\/strong> genellikle ulemaya,<\/p><\/li>

      • Sar\u0131 \u00e7izmeler<\/strong> devlet adamlar\u0131na,<\/p><\/li>

      • Siyah kunduralar<\/strong> halka aitti.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li>

      • Bu d\u00f6nemde \u00fcretim tamamen el i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fine dayal\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>

        \ud83d\udccc 3. Cumhuriyet\u2019in \u0130lk Y\u0131llar\u0131 (1923 \u2013 1950)<\/strong><\/h3>

        • Ayakkab\u0131 \u00fcretimi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck at\u00f6lyeler ve esnaf eliyle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyordu.<\/p><\/li>

        • Kundurac\u0131lar \u015fehirlerin en bilinen zanaatk\u00e2rlar\u0131ndand\u0131.<\/p><\/li>

        • Deri tabanl\u0131, \u00e7ivili veya elle dikilmi\u015f ayakkab\u0131lar yayg\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p><\/li>

        • Fabrikala\u015fma \u00e7ok s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131yd\u0131; \u00fcretim tamamen el eme\u011fine dayan\u0131yordu.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>

          \ud83d\udccc 4. Sanayile\u015fme S\u00fcreci (1950 \u2013 1980)<\/strong><\/h3>

          • 1950\u2019lerden itibaren modern makinelerle \u00fcretim ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p><\/li>

          • \u0130stanbul, \u0130zmir, Gaziantep, Konya gibi \u015fehirlerde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli ayakkab\u0131 imalathaneleri kuruldu.<\/p><\/li>

          • 1970\u2019lerde T\u00fcrkiye, \u00f6zellikle Orta Do\u011fu \u00fclkelerine ayakkab\u0131 ihracat\u0131 yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p><\/li>

          • Bu d\u00f6nemde plastik tabanl\u0131 ayakkab\u0131lar<\/strong> da \u00fcretilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>

            \ud83d\udccc 5. Modernle\u015fme ve \u0130hracat D\u00f6nemi (1980 \u2013 2000)<\/strong><\/h3>

            • 1980 sonras\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ihracat odakl\u0131 sanayile\u015fme ile ayakkab\u0131 sekt\u00f6r\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc.<\/p><\/li>

            • Gaziantep<\/strong>, \u00f6zellikle spor ayakkab\u0131 ve terlik \u00fcretiminde merkez haline geldi.<\/p><\/li>

            • \u0130stanbul Gedikpa\u015fa<\/strong> ise deri ayakkab\u0131 \u00fcretiminin kalbi olmaya devam etti.<\/p><\/li>

            • T\u00fcrkiye, Rusya ve Avrupa\u2019ya yo\u011fun \u015fekilde ayakkab\u0131 ihra\u00e7 etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>

              \ud83d\udccc 6. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz (2000 \u2013 \u2026)<\/strong><\/h3>

              • T\u00fcrkiye, bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada en b\u00fcy\u00fck 10 ayakkab\u0131 \u00fcreticisi \u00fclke<\/strong> aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor.<\/p><\/li>

              • Y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 500 milyon \u00e7ift ayakkab\u0131<\/strong> \u00fcretiliyor (TASD verilerine g\u00f6re).<\/p><\/li>

              • \u0130stanbul (Beyo\u011flu-Gedikpa\u015fa, Zeytinburnu), \u0130zmir, Konya, Gaziantep ve Adana \u00fcretim merkezleri konumunda.<\/p><\/li>

              • \u00dcretimde hem geleneksel el yap\u0131m\u0131 kundura<\/strong> k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc s\u00fcr\u00fcyor, hem de seri \u00fcretim fabrikalar\u0131<\/strong> ile modern ayakkab\u0131lar \u00fcretiliyor.<\/p><\/li>

              • T\u00fcrk markalar\u0131 art\u0131k Avrupa ve Orta Do\u011fu pazar\u0131nda<\/strong> ciddi pay sahibi.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>

                \ud83c\udfaf \u00d6zet<\/h2>

                • Geleneksel d\u00f6nemde:<\/strong> \u00c7ar\u0131k, mest ve kundura \u2192 el i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi.<\/p><\/li>

                • Sanayile\u015fme ile birlikte:<\/strong> Makinele\u015fme, plastik ve kau\u00e7uk tabanl\u0131 \u00fcretim.<\/p><\/li>

                • G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde:<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye, d\u00fcnyada \u00f6nemli bir \u00fcretici ve ihracat\u00e7\u0131 \u00fclke.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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